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When Do You Need a Motion for Summary Judgment?

Discovery is complete and the evidence shows there is no genuine dispute of material fact — the undisputed facts entitle you to judgment as a matter of law under Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

The opposing party's claims rest entirely on speculation, conjecture, or self-serving testimony without objective evidentiary support, and no reasonable jury could return a verdict in their favor.

You want to narrow the issues before trial by moving for partial summary judgment on specific claims or defenses, eliminating those issues from the jury's consideration.

An affirmative defense — such as qualified immunity, the statute of limitations, or release/settlement — is conclusively established by the undisputed record and defeats the plaintiff's claims as a matter of law.

📋 Timing Note: Under Rule 56(b), a motion for summary judgment may be filed at any time until 30 days after the close of discovery, unless the court sets a different deadline in the scheduling order. Courts generally will not grant summary judgment before adequate discovery has occurred, and filing too early is a common mistake that leads to denial without prejudice.

⚠ Standard Warning: The summary judgment standard requires the court to view all evidence in the light most favorable to the non-moving party and draw all reasonable inferences in their favor. Credibility assessments, weighing of evidence, and resolution of factual disputes are jury functions. Even strong evidence does not guarantee summary judgment if the opposing party can point to any genuine factual dispute on an essential element.

What Should a Motion for Summary Judgment Include?

Statement of Undisputed Material Facts

A numbered, paragraph-by-paragraph statement of every material fact you contend is undisputed, with a citation to the record (deposition page and line, exhibit number, affidavit paragraph) for each fact. This is the foundation of the motion and must be meticulously supported.

Legal Standard

The Rule 56 standard: the court shall grant summary judgment when "there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law," citing Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. (1986) and Celotex Corp. v. Catrett (1986).

Argument by Claim or Defense

For each claim or defense, set out the legal elements, apply the undisputed facts to those elements, and explain why the evidence is legally insufficient to support a verdict for the opposing party on each element.

Evidentiary Record

Attach all supporting evidence as numbered exhibits: deposition excerpts, affidavits or declarations, documentary evidence, interrogatory answers, and expert reports. Every fact asserted must be tied to an exhibit.

Proposed Order

A concise proposed order for the judge to sign granting summary judgment on specified claims, granting partial summary judgment, or granting judgment on affirmative defenses.

Legal Details: Key Clauses in a Motion for Summary Judgment

Review the standard legal provisions included in a professional motion for summary judgment. Each section below contains clause language used in attorney-verified templates.

Undisputed Material Facts
1.1

Pursuant to Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and Local Rule [____________], Moving Party submits the following Statement of Undisputed Material Facts in support of its Motion for Summary Judgment. Each fact is supported by record evidence, including deposition testimony, authenticated documents, and declarations, as cited herein. Moving Party contends that none of the following facts is genuinely disputed and that, taken together, they establish Moving Party's entitlement to judgment as a matter of law on all claims asserted [against / by] Moving Party.

1.2

The following facts are not genuinely in dispute: (1) [____________]; (2) [____________]; (3) [____________]; (4) [____________]; (5) [____________]. See [Exhibit A (Deposition of [____________], [page:line]); Exhibit B ([Document Description]); Declaration of [____________] at ¶¶ [____________]]. These facts, individually and collectively, establish that [describe dispositive factual conclusion], leaving no triable issue of fact for a jury to resolve on the [claim / element / defense] at issue.

Legal Standard and Analysis
2.1

Summary judgment is appropriate when the moving party demonstrates that "there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). A fact is "material" if it might affect the outcome of the suit under governing substantive law. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248 (1986). A dispute is "genuine" only if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the non-moving party. Id. The Court must view all facts and draw all reasonable inferences in the light most favorable to the non-moving party; however, the non-moving party may not rely on mere allegations in the pleadings but must set forth specific facts showing there is a genuine dispute for trial.

2.2

To prevail on [Count I / the principal claim], [Plaintiff / Defendant] must establish: (a) [element 1]; (b) [element 2]; and (c) [element 3]. The undisputed record evidence conclusively establishes each element in Moving Party's favor. With respect to element (a), [citation to record evidence]. With respect to element (b), [citation to record evidence]. With respect to element (c), [citation to record evidence]. Non-Moving Party bears no genuine dispute on any of these elements, and no reasonable jury could find in Non-Moving Party's favor on the record presented.

Dispositive Arguments
3.1

Moving Party is entitled to summary judgment on Count [I] because [state dispositive legal principle]. The undisputed facts demonstrate that [key factual finding], which, as a matter of law, [negates an essential element / establishes an affirmative defense / conclusively establishes liability]. Plaintiff's theory of liability depends upon [disputed inference / legal theory], which this Circuit has expressly rejected in [case citation]. Because Plaintiff's entire claim rests upon this legally untenable premise, the claim fails as a matter of law regardless of any factual disputes the Court might identify in other respects.

3.2

In the alternative, Moving Party is entitled to summary judgment on the basis of [affirmative defense / immunity / limitation]. The undisputed record establishes that [describe facts supporting defense], satisfying each element of the defense as articulated in [case citation]. Non-Moving Party has adduced no evidence from which a reasonable jury could conclude that the [defense] does not apply here. The Court should therefore enter summary judgment in Moving Party's favor on all counts, or in the alternative, on the specific counts addressed in the Dispositive Arguments section.

Relief Requested
4.1

For the foregoing reasons, Moving Party respectfully requests that this Court enter an Order: (a) granting Moving Party's Motion for Summary Judgment in its entirety; (b) entering judgment in favor of Moving Party on [all counts / Counts I through ___] of [Plaintiff's Complaint / Defendant's Counterclaim]; (c) dismissing all claims asserted against Moving Party with prejudice; and (d) awarding Moving Party its costs of suit pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1920 and any applicable fee-shifting statute. A proposed form of Order is submitted herewith for the Court's consideration.

Signature Requirements

Check Local Court Rules

Court filings may require wet ink or e-filing system signatures. Check your jurisdiction's e-filing rules.

Many courts now accept e-filed motions with electronic signatures. Check your court's e-filing system and local rules for signature requirements.

How to Fill Out a Motion for Summary Judgment

1

Review the Full Discovery Record

Compile every deposition transcript, document produced in discovery, interrogatory answer, and expert report. Identify every fact that is either undisputed or supported only by inadmissible evidence on the opposing side.

2

Identify the Elements of Each Claim

Break every claim and defense down to its essential legal elements. The motion is won element-by-element — you only need to show the opposing party cannot establish one essential element to prevail.

3

Build the Fact Statement

Draft a numbered statement of undisputed facts. Tie each fact to specific record evidence with pinpoint citations. Fact statements with missing citations will be disregarded by the court.

4

Draft the Legal Argument

For each claim, argue that the undisputed facts either establish your right to judgment affirmatively, or that the opposing party cannot produce admissible evidence to support an essential element. Apply cases from your jurisdiction.

5

Assemble and File

Organize exhibits in numerical order, paginate them, and reference them precisely in the motion. File within the court's deadline, observe page limits, and serve the opposing party simultaneously.

Motion for Summary Judgment Requirements by State

Motion for Summary Judgment laws and requirements differ across states. Key variations include specific language requirements, notarization mandates, witness requirements, filing deadlines, and enforceability standards. Our templates incorporate state-specific provisions when you select your jurisdiction.

For the most comprehensive state-specific version, use our AI generator which automatically applies your state's legal requirements.

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Free Template vs Custom Motion for Summary Judgment

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Motion for Summary Judgment Template FAQ

What is the standard for summary judgment?
Under Rule 56(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, summary judgment is appropriate when "there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." The Supreme Court clarified this standard in two landmark cases: Celotex Corp. v. Catrett (1986), which held that the moving party need not produce evidence negating the opposing party's claims — it is sufficient to show the opposing party lacks evidence on an essential element; and Anderson v. Liberty Lobby (1986), which held that a "genuine dispute" exists only when the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the non-moving party. The court views all evidence in the non-movant's favor.
What is the difference between summary judgment and a motion to dismiss?
The key difference is when each is filed and what evidence the court considers. A motion to dismiss is filed before discovery (or at least before the answer) and is based solely on the legal sufficiency of the pleadings — the court accepts all well-pleaded facts as true and does not consider outside evidence. A motion for summary judgment is filed after discovery is complete and is based on the actual evidentiary record — depositions, documents, affidavits, and other admissible evidence. The standard also differs: a 12(b)(6) motion asks whether the plaintiff has stated a plausible claim; a summary judgment motion asks whether the evidence is sufficient to go to a jury.
What evidence can be used in a motion for summary judgment?
Rule 56(c) specifies the types of evidence that can support or oppose summary judgment: depositions, answers to interrogatories, admissions, affidavits or declarations, stipulations, and other materials in the record. Evidence must be admissible at trial or be capable of being presented in admissible form — hearsay that would be inadmissible at trial cannot defeat summary judgment. Scott v. Harris (2007) held that courts may rely on video evidence that blatantly contradicts a party's account. Affidavits and declarations must be based on personal knowledge, set out facts that would be admissible in evidence, and show the affiant is competent to testify.
Can I file a motion for summary judgment without an attorney?
Pro se litigants can file motions for summary judgment, but these motions are legally complex and demanding. The court will apply the same legal standard regardless of whether you have counsel. You must compile and cite the evidentiary record, understand the applicable legal elements for each claim, and make cohesive legal arguments applying evidence to law. Courts give pro se litigants some procedural latitude under Erickson v. Pardus (2007), but this does not relax the substantive requirements. Common pro se errors include: failing to cite evidence properly, relying on inadmissible hearsay, and arguing facts rather than applying them to legal elements. Legal Tank's template provides the proper structure to maximize your chances of success.

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